{"product_id":"ancient-middle-niger","title":"Ancient Middle Niger: Urbanism and the Self-organizing Landscape","description":"The cities of West Africa's Middle Niger, only recently brought to the world's attention, make us rethink the 'whys' and the 'wheres' of ancient urbanism. They present the archaeologist with a novelty; a non-nucleated, clustered city-plan with no centralized, state-focused power. This book explores the emergence of these cities in the first millennium B.C. and the evolution of their hinterlands from the perspective of the self-organized landscape. Cities appeared in a series of profound transforms to the human-land relations and this book illustrates how each transform marked a leap in complexity.","brand":"None","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":46195800572081,"sku":"9780521012430","price":44.34,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Hardcover","offer_id":46195800604849,"sku":"9780521813006","price":108.95,"currency_code":"CAD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0655\/8980\/5233\/files\/1_12c53ab1-92aa-43f9-b06b-13a40e5d48a1.jpg?v=1763103801","url":"https:\/\/iandigo.com\/products\/ancient-middle-niger","provider":"Indigo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}