Clarice Lispector was born in 1920 to a Jewish family in western Ukraine. As a result of the anti-Semitic violence they endured, the family fled to Brazil in 1922, and Clarice Lispector grew up in Recife. Following the death of her mother when Clarice was nine, she moved to Rio de Janeiro with her father and two sisters, and she went on to study law. With her husband, who worked for the foreign service, she lived in Italy, Switzerland, England, and the United States, until they separated and she returnedto Rio in 1959; she died there in 1977. Since her death, Clarice Lispector has earned universal recognition as Brazil's greatest modern writer. New Directions publishes eighteen of her books. Katrina Dodson's translation of  The Complete Stories  by Clarice Lispector was awarded the PEN Translation Prize, the American Translators Association Lewis Galantière Award, and a Northern California Book Award. She translated Mário de Andrade's 1928 Brazilian modernist classic,  Macunaíma: The Hero with No Character. Her writing has appeared in  The Paris Review, The Believer, McSweeney's, Triple Canopy  and elsewhere. Dodson holds a PhD in Comparative Literature from the University of California, Berkeley and is an affiliated scholar of the Brazil LAB at Princeton University. A San Francisco native, she now lives in Brooklyn and teaches translation at Columbia University. General editor of the new translations of Clarice Lispector's complete works at New Directions,Benjamin Moser is the author of Why This World: The Biography of Clarice Lispector ; Sontag: Her Life and Work, which was awarded the Pulitzer Prize; and The Upside-Down World: Meetings with the Dutch Masters .